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Hydraulic Coupling

2024-07-12 08:46:17

A hydraulic coupling, also known as a hydraulic coupler or hydraulic fluid coupling, is a device that uses the kinetic energy of a liquid to transmit mechanical power. It is typically used to connect a power source (such as an electric motor or internal combustion engine) to working machinery (such as pumps, fans, and conveyors), providing cushioning and speed regulation during power transmission.

Working Principle of a Hydraulic Coupling
A hydraulic coupling primarily consists of a pump wheel and a turbine, which are connected to the driving shaft and driven shaft, respectively. The space between the pump wheel and turbine is filled with a working fluid (usually oil). When the pump wheel rotates with the driving shaft, the working fluid is thrown towards the turbine, causing the turbine to rotate and thus driving the driven shaft. The hydraulic coupling adjusts the output torque and speed by changing the kinetic energy of the working fluid, thereby achieving power transmission.

Key Features of Hydraulic Coupling
1. Cushioning and Damping: Effectively absorbs and mitigates shocks and vibrations during power transmission, protecting mechanical equipment.
2. Smooth Start: Utilizes the inertia properties of the working fluid to ensure a smooth start of the load equipment, avoiding impact and excessive current during startup.
3. Overload Protection: Automatically limits torque through fluid slippage when the load is too high, preventing damage to mechanical equipment.
4. No Mechanical Wear: Due to the absence of direct mechanical contact, hydraulic couplings have a longer service life and lower maintenance costs.
5. Speed Regulation: By adjusting the filling volume of the working fluid, the output speed can be steplessly regulated.

Applications of Hydraulic Coupling
Hydraulic couplings are widely used in various mechanical transmission systems that require cushioning start, speed regulation, and protection, including:
1. Power Industry: Used for power transmission in boiler feed pumps, circulating water pumps, induced draft fans, etc.
2. Mining Industry: Used for driving belt conveyors, hoists, crushers, and other equipment.
3. Steel Industry: Used in transmission systems of rolling mills, continuous casting machines, cooling tower fans, etc.
4. Chemical Industry: Used for power transmission in various pumps, compressors, mixers, and other equipment.
5. Paper Industry: Used for driving pulp pumps, vacuum pumps, paper machines, and other equipment.

Hydraulic Coupling Selection Guide
When selecting a hydraulic coupling, consider the following factors:
1. Power and Speed: Choose the appropriate hydraulic coupling model based on the power and speed requirements of the power source and working machinery.
2. Type of Working Fluid: Select a type of working fluid (such as oil or water) suitable for the working environment and equipment requirements.
3. Environmental Conditions: Consider factors such as temperature, humidity, and dust in the working environment, and choose a hydraulic coupling with high durability and reliability.
4. Speed Regulation Requirements: If stepless speed regulation is needed, choose a hydraulic coupling with adjustable fluid volume.

Hydraulic couplings play an important role in modern mechanical transmission systems. Their excellent cushioning, damping, speed regulation, and protection functions greatly enhance the operational stability and service life of mechanical equipment.

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